Practical mountain advice
How to navigate with a map and compass
Good navigation begins with reading the map and relating it to the landscape; the compass then adds precision.
Read the map first
Identify ridges, valleys, passes, paths, woodland and contour lines before setting off.
Match map and terrain
Regularly compare several visible landmarks with the map and follow your progress.
Orient the map
Turn the map so its features point in the same directions as the real landscape, then confirm north with the compass.
Understand bearings
A bearing is an angle measured clockwise from north. It provides a direction, but you must still assess the terrain.
Use digital tools wisely
A phone or GPS is useful, but batteries fail and a downloaded line does not explain the terrain. Combine tools and skills.
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